Underwater Field Guide to Ross Island & McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

Underwater Field Guide to Ross Island & McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Diving Under Antarctic Ice

Photos: Steve Alexander; Bill Baker; Isidro Bosch; Sam Bowser (S043 Archives) ; Peter Brueggeman; Kathleen Conlan (courtesy, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa/Canada) ; Paul Cziko; Paul Dayton; Guenter Foersterra; Bjørn Gulliksen (UWPhoto ANS) ; Vreni Haeussermann; Shawn Harper; Luke Hunt; Henry Kaiser; Uwe Kils; Jim Mastro; Bruce A. Miller; Eva Philipp; Rob Robbins; Robert Sanders (Sam Bowser/S043 Archives) ; Dirk Schories; M Dale Stokes.
Principal Photographer & Project Initiator: Norbert Wu.
Text & Web Site: Peter Brueggeman

PORIFERA - CALCAREA calcareous sponges	PORIFERA - DEMOSPONGIAE demosponges
PORIFERA - HEXACTINELLIDA glass sponges	CNIDARIA - ANTHOZOA anemones, soft coral
CNIDARIA - HYDROZOA medusae, siphonophores, hydroids	CNIDARIA - SCYPHOZOA jellyfish
CTENOPHORA comb jellies, ctenophores	NEMERTINA proboscis worms
BRACHIOPODA brachiopods, lamp shells	ECTOPROCTA bryozoans
ANNELIDA polychaetes, bristle worms, featherduster worms, leeches	MOLLUSCA - GASTROPODA - OPISTHOBRANCHIA nudibranchs, pteropods
MOLLUSCA - GASTROPODA - OTHER gastropods	MOLLUSCA - OTHER bivalves, chitons, octopus
ECHINODERMATA - ASTEROIDEA seastars	ECHINODERMATA - OTHER urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, crinoids
ARTHROPODA - AMPHIPODA amphipods	ARTHROPODA - ISOPODA isopods
ARTHROPODA - CHELICERATA sea spiders	ARTHROPODA - OTHER copepods, krill, ostracods, mysids, tanaids, barnacles, shrimp, etc.
CHORDATA - TUNICATA ascidians, tunicates	CHORDATA - FISH fish
CHORDATA - BIRDS, MAMMALS penguins, marine mammals	PROTOCTISTA foraminiferans, amoeba, algae, diatoms

ID-useful images are gratefully accepted and reviewed for incorporation into this Field Guide. Contact: Peter Brueggeman, 4peebee(at)peterbrueggeman.com

The National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs sponsored Norbert Wu on an Artist's and Writer's Grant and this Field Guide is a direct result of that sponsorship and Norbert Wu's efforts.
Click here for a look at other work of Norbert Wu.
DISCLAIMER: This Field Guide aims to facilitate underwater/topside field identification from visual characters. Organisms were identified from photographs with no specimen collection, so these identifications are to the taxonomic level possible from photographs. Many are distinctive but there's uncertainty in identifications from photographs. The publications referenced for each organism do not constitute a literature review and can be dated. You can find more references in the NSF-supported Antarctic Bibliography at www.coldregions.org/antinfo.htm, and in various commercial site-licensed indexing databases, including Zoological Record and Arctic & Antarctic Regions.

First published in April 1998. Text ©Peter Brueggeman.

Photographs © copyrighted, and may not be used in any form without the express written permission of these photographers. Contact individual photographers to request permission, and do not contact Peter Brueggeman. Peter Brueggeman is not authorized to grant permission for use of these photographers' images. Norbert Wu does not grant permission for uncompensated use of his photos under any circumstances whatsoever; see www.norbertwu.com for information.

Photographs © Steve Alexander, Isidro Bosch, Sam Bowser (S043 Archives), Peter Brueggeman, Kathleen Conlan (courtesy, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa/Canada), Paul Cziko, Paul Dayton, Guenter Foersterra, Bjørn Gulliksen (UWPhoto ANS), Vreni Haeussermann, Shawn Harper, Henry Kaiser, Uwe Kils, Jim Mastro, Bruce A. Miller, Eva Philipp, Rob Robbins, Robert Sanders (Sam Bowser/S043 Archives), Dirk Schories. M Dale Stokes, Norbert Wu.

CONTACT: Peter Brueggeman, 4peebee(at)peterbrueggeman.com

Click to see a Thematic Photo Gallery resulting from this project.	Click to read about Scuba Diving on this project.	Click to read Diver Journals associated with this project.
Click to see the Sponsors & Supporters contributing to this project.	Click to see the FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes. Southern Ocean... Volume 1	Click to see the FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes. Southern Ocean... Volume 2